{"id":65,"date":"2011-01-24T08:28:29","date_gmt":"2011-01-24T08:28:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/solomonappiah.wordpress.com\/2011\/01\/24\/code-of-ethics%e2%80%94what-ethics-is-not\/"},"modified":"2022-04-13T18:40:36","modified_gmt":"2022-04-13T18:40:36","slug":"code-of-ethics-what-ethics-is-not","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sunesishq.com\/notes\/code-of-ethics-what-ethics-is-not\/","title":{"rendered":"What Ethics Is Not"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Century Gothic'; font-size: 12pt;\">To better appreciate a concept or an idea, it sometimes helps to contrast it against its antithesis i.e. its direct opposite or something that it is not. Case in point, light is better appreciated when put side by side with darkness. Democratic governance that yields positive results for a majority of citizens is better appreciated when evaluated or judged against the backdrop of a military dictatorship that makes life difficult for the majority of the populace.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: Century Gothic; font-size: 12pt;\">With this in mind, I will approach defining ethics by first highlighting what it is not. Then later, I will lunge into what it has been defined as in modern times.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Century Gothic; font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: black;\">According to an article featured in <\/span><span style=\"color: #245590;\"><strong><em>Issues in Ethics<\/em> IIE V1 N1<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: black;\"> (Fall 1987) by Manuel Velasquez, Claire Andre, Thomas Shanks, S.J., and Michael J. Meyer, a sociologist by the name Raymond Baumhart interviewed a sample of Business professionals trying to ascertain their understanding of what ethics is. He asked these members of the business community, &#8216;<em>What does ethics mean to you?<\/em>&#8216; The following are sample responses received:<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: Century Gothic; font-size: 12pt;\">Ethics has to do with what my feelings tell me is right or wrong<br \/>\n<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: Century Gothic; font-size: 12pt;\">Ethics has to do with my religious beliefs<br \/>\n<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: Century Gothic; font-size: 12pt;\">Being ethical is doing what the law requires<br \/>\n<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: Century Gothic; font-size: 12pt;\">Ethics consists of the standards of behavior our society accepts<br \/>\n<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: Century Gothic; font-size: 12pt;\">I don&#8217;t know what the word means<br \/>\n<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: Century Gothic; font-size: 12pt;\">Interestingly, all the above answers are inconsistent with the true definition of ethics.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Century Gothic; font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: black;\">Ethics is definitely not <\/span><span style=\"color: black;\">based on how a person feels. Feelings are subject to change on a moment by moment basis depending on prevailing external situations. They can be erratic \u00a0and sometimes manic. If ethics were to be feelings based, then an individual&#8217;s feelings at any particular time would determine his\/her ethical stance on an given issues hence his\/her ethical position would be illogical and arbitrary at best. This would mean that when a person feels broke i.e. in need of money, then their ethical stance at the point in time would make them amiable to taking a bribe to alleviate the financial burden. When this same individual has plenty and not pressed for cash, then their ethical stance would be not to take bribes. Ethics is not arbitrary so it cannot be feelings based.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Century Gothic; font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: black;\">The next group of responses said ethics had to do with their religious beliefs. <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ethics is not<\/span><span style=\"color: black;\"> confined to religious beliefs either. This is because non-religious people possess and practice ethics. The fact that they do not belong to a religious sect does not absolve them of ethical responsibilities. History has shown that a religious belief does not have a direct correlation with proper ethical behavior. This is evident when one considers the historical ethical shortfalls of the world religions such as the infamous burning of witches at the stake in Europe and the Crusades by the Roman Church, the military campaigns undertaken by Islamists to spread their message etc. In both instances, whole villages and societies were sacked and innocents murdered. If religion necessarily led to good ethical behavior then history would look much different than it does today.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Century Gothic; font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Thirdly, being ethical is not<\/span><span style=\"color: black;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> doing what the law requires either<\/span>. South African law at a point in time permitted Apartheid which entailed the suppression, oppression and unfair treatment of the natives or black Africans. It was legal but not ethical. In fact it was downright immoral. Likewise once upon a time, slavery was legal in the United States of America. Deos that mean that slavery was ethical. Emphatically NO! So an issue can be lawful yet unethical. As has been penned somewhere before, &#8220;any behavior considered Ethical should also be legal in a just and fair society. However legal behavior is not necessarily ethical behavior&#8221;.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Century Gothic; font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: black;\">Finally, <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">ethics is not<\/span><span style=\"color: black;\"> doing what society expects of a person. In some African societies and others throughout the world, it was a norm of society to engage in female genital mutilation. This was society&#8217;s expectation of a girl foing through puberty but this expectation did not make the practice ethical. It infringes on the human rights of women in society.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: Century Gothic; font-size: 12pt;\">What then is ethics? That will be the subject of the next discussion.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: red; font-family: Century Gothic; font-size: 16pt;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Work Cited<\/span>:<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Century Gothic;\">Velasquez, M., Andre, C., Shanks, T., &amp; S, J. (1987). What is Ethics. <em>Issues in Ethics IIE<\/em><br \/>\n<em>, 1<\/em> (1).<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>To better appreciate a concept or an idea, it sometimes helps to contrast it against its antithesis i.e. its direct opposite or something that it&hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2718,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[353],"tags":[645,679,400],"class_list":["post-65","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-policy-advocacy","tag-behavior","tag-conduct","tag-ethics"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What Ethics Is Not | SUNESIS NOTES<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"To better appreciate a concept or an idea, it sometimes helps to contrast it against its antithesis i.e. its direct opposite or something that it is not.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sunesishq.com\/notes\/code-of-ethics-what-ethics-is-not\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What Ethics Is Not | SUNESIS NOTES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"To better appreciate a concept or an idea, it sometimes helps to contrast it against its antithesis i.e. its direct opposite or something that it is not.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/sunesishq.com\/notes\/code-of-ethics-what-ethics-is-not\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"SUNESIS NOTES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sunesislearning\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/web.facebook.com\/sunesislearning\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2011-01-24T08:28:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-04-13T18:40:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/sunesishq.com\/notes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/01\/Balancing-Trust-and-Ethics.jpeg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1138\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"640\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Solomon Appiah, Ph.D.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@SunesisLearning\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Solomon Appiah, Ph.D.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sunesishq.com\/notes\/code-of-ethics-what-ethics-is-not\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sunesishq.com\/notes\/code-of-ethics-what-ethics-is-not\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Solomon Appiah, Ph.D.\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sunesishq.com\/notes\/#\/schema\/person\/75fe43ac2403c70d6e7fd41da21ba2a8\"},\"headline\":\"What Ethics Is Not\",\"datePublished\":\"2011-01-24T08:28:29+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-04-13T18:40:36+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sunesishq.com\/notes\/code-of-ethics-what-ethics-is-not\/\"},\"wordCount\":719,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sunesishq.com\/notes\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sunesishq.com\/notes\/code-of-ethics-what-ethics-is-not\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/sunesishq.com\/notes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/01\/Balancing-Trust-and-Ethics.jpeg\",\"keywords\":[\"behavior\",\"conduct\",\"ethics\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Policy &amp; 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